The current pathophysiology of COPD encompasses three main characteristics: emphysema, chronic bronchitis and small airway disease. Macrophages and neutrophils are implicated in this process ...
COPD includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Bronchitis is inflammation ... In about 1% of COPD cases, the cause is a genetic disorder that causes low levels of a protein called alpha-1 ...
Learn more about how smoking causes lung disease and how to recognize the signs of damage ... a lung disease in which too much air stays trapped in your lungs. Two common forms of COPD are chronic ...
June 11, 2024 — Chronic ... emphysema is linked to a higher risk of lung cancer, a risk that increases with emphysema severity, according to a new ... New Tool Better Predicts COPD Risk for ...
Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB) is a common feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Antibiotic therapy based on risk-stratified guidelines are recommended. Specific data ...