Two-photon laser direct writing lithography or TPL is a cutting-edge technique used for creating nanoscale structures. It ...

an induction period varying inversely with the volume of seed suspension used, during which the principal action was the generation of crystal nuclei; secondly, a bimolecular growth of these nuclei.

They found that the proton transfer is facilitated via a Grotthuss instead of a bimolecular vehicle mechanism at 130 K, which was unambiguously confirmed with deuterated water experiments.