Background: The pathogenesis of daytime hypercapnia (PaCO 2 ≥ 45 mm Hg) may be directly linked to the existence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) per se, although only some patients ...

An arterial blood gas (ABG) test measures the oxygen and carbon dioxide balance in your blood. It also measures the pH or acid-base balance in your blood. ABG tests are used to evaluate lung and ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an irreversible form of lung disease, is treated with prescription drugs, lifestyle changes, rehabilitation therapies, and surgery in certain cases. The ...

Aging Health. 2011;7(6):813-828. Common opioid side effects reported in the literature include urinary retention, pruritus, nausea and vomiting, CNS effects and respiratory effects. The incidence ...

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is initiated by a primary insult that triggers a cascade of pathological events, including damage to lung epithelial and endothelial cells, extracellular ...