In 1940, as the German blitzkrieg spread across Europe, Mussolini allied himself with Hitler and opened a self-described “parallel war” in the Mediterranean. He dispatched ill-prepared Italian forces ...
1918: Kaiser Willhelm II abdicates after Germany is defeated in the First World War and the Weimar Republic is proclaimed. 1921: Partito Nazionalista Fascista is formed in Italy by Benito Mussolini.