The Third Reich’s attack, mounted without consulting its Italian ally, had other reverberations as well. Chief among them was Mussolini’s decision to conduct a "parallel war" based on his own tactical ...

2015 Princeton University Press. Hibbert, Christopher. Mussolini: The Rise and Fall of Il Duce. 2008 Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan. Ridley, Jasper. Mussolini: A Biography. 2000 Cooper Square Press.

ROME, Nov. 1, 1922 (UP)-Benito Mussolini, leader of the Fascistis, was only 25 when he became editor of Avanti, the official organ of the Italian Socialist Party. The war broke his belief in the ...

“Trump,” you wrote, “is as American as apple pie.” The results of this election seem to confirm the idea that, far from the ...

Italy's government faced criticism for honoring WWII fascist soldiers at the battle of El Alamein's anniversary. The Ministry ...

Ordinary Violence in Mussolini's Italy analyses this system of political confinement and, more broadly, its effects on Italian society, revealing the centrality of political violence to Fascist rule.

He took part in the invasion of Sicily and mainland Italy. Whilst in Italy rumours circulated about one of Mussolini's hats having 'gone missing' during the allied advance. It was believed to have ...

Learn how six dictators, from Mussolini to Saddam Hussein, shaped the 20th century. How did they seize and lose power? What forces were against them? Learn the answers in these six immersive hours ...

As we close in on Nov. 5 and Judgment Day for American democracy, the specter of Benito Mussolini's seizure of power in Italy a century ago has been keeping me up at night. The similarities with ...

Produced by ElevenLabs and News Over Audio (NOA) using AI narration. To support The Atlantic’s journalism, please consider subscribing today. This language isn’t merely ugly or repellent ...

To support The Atlantic’s journalism, please consider subscribing today. Rhetoric has a history. The words democracy and ...

First word LIKE the word "democracy," the term "public" is so widely and universally used that any deviation from orthodox ...