One example of the trouble with relying on surrogate endpoints is the case of the Vici venous stent system. Approved in 2019 ...

Philips’ Duo Venous stent system has been implanted into the first patient with symptomatic venous outflow obstruction in ...

and a low rate of in-stent restenosis. Endovenous stenting is, therefore, the current method of choice in the treatment of chronic venous obstruction. Stenting is a minimally invasive outpatient ...

Collateral circulation shown prior to stenting is often not visualized following stenting of a venous stenosis. The flow through the stent is obviously favored (Figure 3 and Figure 4). Although ...