These are stalagmites and stalactites. They are also the result of water seeping through limestone, which is made of calcium carbonate. The calcium carbonate is dissolved in the water as it seeps ...
It is the 5th most abundant element in the earth's crust, occurring widely as calcium carbonate which is more commonly known as limestone. It is also the fifth most abundant dissolved ion in seawater.
To make concrete, limestone, or calcium carbonate, is mixed with clay and other materials and then calcined at high temperatures, so CO2 is released via the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate.
“After repeated use without cleaning, limescale will build up in the kettle which can affect the taste of water drunk from it, as some of the calcium carbonate in the limestone may dissolve into ...