Pulad - Wikipedia
网页Pūlād (Persian: پولاد; Turki / Kypchak: بولاد ; Bulat Saltan in Russian chronicles) was Khan of the Golden Horde for three years, in 1407–1410, in the waning days of the khanate. He ruled as the protégé of the beglerbeg Edigu.
Khayr Pulad - Wikipedia
网页Father. Ming-Tīmūr. Religion. Sunni Islam. Khayr Pūlād ( Persian: خیر پولاد; Turki / Kypchak: خیر بولاد ) or Mīr Pūlād was khan of the Golden Horde in 1362–1364. He held the traditional capital Sarai during a period of civil war among rival contenders for the throne.
马可·波罗在扬州任过官吗？_私家历史_澎湃新闻-The Paper
网页2022年7月21日 · 然而，正如伯希和所示，这位孛罗是一位蒙古人，拉施都丁以波斯语称之为 Pulad，以蒙古语称之为 Bolad Akha，并非马可·波罗。 裕尔在他 1903 年的《马可波罗行纪》重要版本中考察了马可·波罗统治扬州这一争议问题。
隐藏在神秘之中的金属：坩埚钢的魅力 - 百度贴吧
网页2023年1月6日 · pulad这个词可以看作是两个词的连词：pu（也音译为fu，或phu）和lad（或ladh）。 在梵文中，pu的意思是清洁或净化。 lad或ladh没有直接的翻译；然而，在使用loha一词的变体的各种印度－雅利安分支方言中，有100多个表示铁的词，包括lauha不容忽视。
11 - Rashīd al-Dīn and Pūlād chīnksānk
网页2009年9月4日 · The decision to send Bolad on an embassy to Arghun (A-lu-hun) is most fully reported in the Chinese biographies of his traveling companion, ʿIsā (Aihsieh).
Crucible damascus steel: A fascination for almost 2,000 years
网页Whether you call it Indian wootz, Central Asian Pulad, Bulat, or Oriental Damascus, crucible steel has fascinated craftsmen, scientists, and laymen for almost 2,000 years. This paper will present current research on the origins of crucible steel, its influence on the history of ferrous alloys, and the current interest in this decorative, yet ...
Chromium crucible steel was first made in Persia - UCL Discovery
网页Here we demonstrate new evidence of the intentional addition of chromium to steel nearly a millennium earlier, as part of the Persian crucible steel (pulad) tradition including the production of low-chromium crucible steel in early 2nd millennium CE Persia.
20 - Archaeological Sources - Cambridge University Press
网页2024年1月1日 · The archaeological study of Chaghadaid material culture began in the second half of the nineteenth century, after the annexation of Central Asia to the Russian Empire. The main archaeological sites on the territory of the Chaghadaid Ulus consisted of settlements. Judging by the numismatic data, the largest …
Persian Pulād Production: Chāhak Tradition - ResearchGate
网页2014年11月20日 · This project attempts to open a new chapter in the study of crucible steel production by introducing the Chāhak tradition, comparing it to other Central Asian traditions of production. This may ...
Qipchaq Khanate (Golden Horde) - Oxford Reference
网页6 天之前 · Quick Reference. Some dates are approximate, especially for the later period; for relationships, see L. Hambis, Le chapitre CVII du Yuan Che (Leiden, 1945). The original title was khan; that of sultan was in use from 1310 (Spuler, 260–1).
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